Certifying when decision-time information justifies adaptive experimentation

תקציר מקורי באנגליתarXiv:2607.27651v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Adaptive laboratories choose measurements during experiments, yet most methods begin after adaptation is permitted. We introduce Opportunity-aware Policy Authorization for Laboratories (\OPAL{}), a framework that decides whether adaptation should be enabled at all. \OPAL{} uses a precommitted contract to require non-trivial adaptation, controlled target risk and positive executed value after cost. We establish an impossibility boundary: source outcomes and unlabelled target covariates cannot uniformly support non-trivial authorization under unrestricted conditional outcome shift, and derive a target-calibrated recovery. Applied to an unseen 11,265-compound Cell Painting partition, the frozen gate selected 595 compounds, captured 384 positive