Guardians and Offenders: A Survey on Harmful Content Generation and Safety Mitigation of LLM

תקציר מקורי באנגליתarXiv:2508.05775v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized content creation across digital platforms, offering unprecedented capabilities in natural language generation and understanding. Meanwhile, they pose risks by inadvertently producing toxic, offensive, or biased content. This dual role of LLMs, both as powerful tools for text generation and as potential sources of harmful language, presents a pressing sociotechnical challenge. In this survey, we systematically review recent studies encompassing unintentional toxicity, adversarial jailbreak attacks, and comprehensive mitigation strategies. We explore LLMs' dual role as both generators of harm and enablers of safety through detection, classification, content moderation, and prevention. We prop