PTNO: אימון אופרטורים נוירונים עם הערכות מונטה קרלו רועשות

תקציר מקורי באנגליתarXiv:2609.40090v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Particle transport under multiple scattering is central to radiative transfer and plasma physics, yet high-fidelity Monte Carlo (MC) simulations must trace prohibitively many particles. Learning-based surrogates can amortize this cost, but typically train on expensive, well-converged MC solutions. We propose the Particle Transport Neural Operator (PTNO), a neural operator that learns particle transport surrogates directly from noisy, low-cost MC labels. Such labels pose two challenges: (1) high variance, which destabilizes standard supervised learning, and (2) a high dynamic range (HDR) spanning many orders of magnitude. For the first, we learn the solution operator from noisy labels of many configurations, amortizing MC cost and generali