Semantic Chunking and the Entropy of Natural Language

תקציר מקורי באנגליתarXiv:2602.13194v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Humans and large language models can predict next letter or word from its prior context much better than random guessing, indicating strong redundancy of language viewed as a stochastic process. Quantitatively this redundancy was estimated by Shannon to be around 80\%, which means that every letter of a printed English text conveys approximately 1 bit of information and not 4.8 bits that 27 letters (including spaces) could potentially carry. This estimate was later confirmed by using autoregressive token probabilies computed by large language models. However, the statistical organization of language that give rise to such a large redundancy remains unclear. Here we introduce a statistical framework of language linking its redundancy